Question 710
An application moves sizable data between Availability Zones through a centralized inspection chain. What is the best next configuration decision?
- Review inter-AZ transfer and inspection path costs against required security architecture
- Route eligible S3 access through an S3 gateway endpoint
- Cache eligible content with CloudFront at edge locations
- Evaluate Direct Connect throughput, port hours and data transfer pricing
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The approach accounts for cross-AZ traffic and intermediate service processing; skipping mandatory inspection solely to reduce charges may violate security requirements, directly enabling cost-aware east-west inspection design in this situation.
Incorrect Answers
B:This approach bypasses the NAT for supported service destinations; endpoint and bucket policies must still permit the operation, which helps with lower-cost private S3 traffic path instead of delivering cost-aware east-west inspection design.
C:This alternative reduces repeated origin fetches by serving cached content near viewers; CloudFront pricing and cache hit ratio must still be measured for the workload, so it addresses lower repeated long-haul object transfer rather than the required cost-aware east-west inspection design.
D:Although this setting trades fixed connection cost against network variability and transfer economics, private circuits are not automatically cheaper for low traffic levels; this concerns measured bulk hybrid connectivity cost, not the specified cost-aware east-west inspection design.
Question 711
An EC2 router appliance exchanges BGP routes with a Transit Gateway Connect attachment over GRE. The BGP neighbors remain idle even though the VPC attachment is healthy. Which pairing is essential to validate?
- Configure an internet gateway to advertise the appliance's BGP routes
- Validate the Transit Gateway Connect peer's GRE endpoints and the configured BGP peer IP addresses and ASNs on both sides
- Create a public Route 53 CNAME for the transit gateway attachment ID
- Replace GRE with an HTTPS listener on Application Load Balancer
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Transit Gateway Connect encapsulates traffic with GRE and establishes BGP routing over the Connect peer. Incorrect tunnel endpoint addresses, peer IPs or ASNs can prevent adjacency independently of the underlying VPC attachment status.
Incorrect Answers
A:An internet gateway does not participate in Transit Gateway Connect BGP adjacencies and will not exchange private network prefixes with the appliance over GRE.
C:A DNS alias is not a GRE endpoint or BGP neighbor address. Connect peers need routing and compatible tunnel/session parameters rather than a public hostname record.
D:ALB operates at the HTTP application layer and cannot terminate GRE or establish the BGP session used by a Transit Gateway Connect attachment.
Question 712
A VPC has IPv6 CIDR space but a new subnet cannot allocate IPv6 addresses for instances. Which action directly resolves the stated problem?
- Enable a supported dualstack load-balancer IP address type and publish the appropriate DNS
- Add a ::/0 route to an internet gateway and allow appropriate IPv6 network controls
- Route IPv6 outbound traffic through an egress-only internet gateway
- Associate an IPv6 CIDR block with the subnet and configure assignment settings
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:With this choice, the selected action allocates a portion of the VPC IPv6 range to subnet interfaces; giving the VPC an IPv6 range does not allocate one to each subnet automatically, providing routable subnet IPv6 addresses for workloads for the network described.
Incorrect Answers
A:This alternative exposes reachable IPv4 and IPv6 service addresses; an IPv4-only listener address family cannot answer IPv6 client connections, so it addresses dual-stack client access at the load-balancer edge rather than the required routable subnet IPv6 addresses for workloads.
B:Although this setting forwards public IPv6 packets to the internet egress target, IPv4 NAT gateway routes do not create an IPv6 default path; this concerns direct IPv6 internet routing for dual-stack workloads, not the specified routable subnet IPv6 addresses for workloads.
C:The proposed action provides stateful outbound-only IPv6 internet reachability; an ordinary internet gateway would not enforce the same outbound-only property, supporting IPv6 egress without inbound initiation but leaving routable subnet IPv6 addresses for workloads unmet.
Question 713
An endpoint policy permits GetObject from S3 but the request still receives AccessDenied. Which option should the architect select?
- Restrict the interface endpoint ENI security group to the application source
- Review IAM identity and S3 bucket resource policies as well as the endpoint policy
- Enable and validate supported PrivateLink private DNS for the interface endpoint
- Apply an S3 gateway endpoint policy scoped to the approved bucket and actions
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:This configuration distinguishes authorization layers governing an S3 API call; an endpoint policy granting an action is not a blanket permission overriding other denies, so it delivers complete authorization on a private S3 request under the stated constraints.
Incorrect Answers
A:This approach limits network sessions accepted at the private service endpoint; endpoint policy permissions cannot compensate for blocked network traffic, which helps with source-limited access to interface endpoint IPs instead of delivering complete authorization on a private S3 request.
C:Although this setting directs clients toward service endpoint ENI addresses, simply adding a VPC route does not rewrite hostname resolution to the endpoint; this concerns service access that stays on private endpoint paths, not the specified complete authorization on a private S3 request.
D:The proposed action limits eligible service operations through that endpoint; IAM and bucket policies remain separate layers of authorization, supporting least-privilege service access over a VPC endpoint but leaving complete authorization on a private S3 request unmet.
Question 714
A centrally managed AWS Cloud WAN core network separates production and nonproduction attachments into segments. A shared monitoring attachment in a third segment must be reachable from production only, without permitting nonproduction to exchange routes with production. What policy capability best expresses this?
- Define explicit Cloud WAN segment-sharing policy between production and the monitoring segment while keeping nonproduction isolated
- Associate every attachment with one default segment to simplify route exchange
- Add an internet gateway route in each workload VPC for the monitoring prefix
- Use Route 53 latency routing to select the Cloud WAN segment for each packet
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Cloud WAN segments establish independent routing domains. Targeted segment sharing lets approved routes become reachable between specified segments without merging all attachments into one unrestricted routing table.
Incorrect Answers
B:Placing all attachments in a common segment removes the routing separation the organization explicitly needs. A single shared segment can allow reachability between networks intended to remain isolated.
C:An internet gateway is not a Cloud WAN segment exchange mechanism and does not advertise private attachment routes between segments. It could also direct traffic toward the wrong boundary.
D:DNS response selection does not determine the Cloud WAN segment membership or core network routing table for a flow. Segment policies must handle permitted network reachability.
Question 715
A company plans traffic engineering by advertising more-specific routes over one connection and summaries over another. Which solution best addresses these network requirements?
- Review BGP preferences and advertisements on both circuits
- Deploy Site-to-Site VPN as a failover path and adjust routing priorities
- Simulate primary Direct Connect failure and observe BGP route convergence
- Review longest-prefix selection before applying BGP preference changes
- Enable and validate VPN ECMP with appropriate dynamic routes on the TGW
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The approach recognizes that more-specific routing matches can override broad path preference; comparing AS_PATH for different-length prefixes does not override destination longest-match logic, directly enabling predictable forwarding with mixed BGP prefix lengths in this situation.
Incorrect Answers
A:This alternative determines which valid session's routes are selected and available for backup; additional physical links do not force desired routing distribution, so it addresses correct primary-secondary Direct Connect behavior rather than the required predictable forwarding with mixed BGP prefix lengths.
B:Although this setting retains an alternate IPsec path when the primary private circuit becomes unavailable, both primary and backup must advertise compatible destinations with sensible preference; this concerns backup hybrid routing over an independent transport, not the specified predictable forwarding with mixed BGP prefix lengths.
C:The proposed action verifies that the alternate tunnel carries real traffic when the preferred path disappears; an idle VPN status page alone is not evidence of end-to-end recovery, supporting tested hybrid link failover but leaving predictable forwarding with mixed BGP prefix lengths unmet.
E:This alternative allows eligible equivalent VPN routes to share flows using transit gateway ECMP; ECMP requires compatible dynamic routing and does not make the internet transport deterministic, so it addresses supported multipath use of VPN tunnels rather than the required predictable forwarding with mixed BGP prefix lengths.
Question 716
A team wants to guard against an accidental route change exposing a sensitive database to an untrusted subnet. What should the network specialist configure?
- Inspect Reachability Analyzer's modeled intermediate network components
- Create a Network Access Analyzer finding or scoped network access analysis
- Specify compatible source and destination resources in Reachability Analyzer
- Run VPC Reachability Analyzer and inspect the path explanation
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:With this choice, the selected action evaluates reachability conditions against declared access-intent requirements; a successful app health check would not reveal broad unauthorized paths, providing proactive detection of undesirable network reachability for the network described.
Incorrect Answers
A:This approach reasons about supported AWS resources rather than depending on ICMP responses; managed routers do not necessarily respond to classic traceroute probes, which helps with AWS resource-path explanation beyond traceroute instead of delivering proactive detection of undesirable network reachability.
C:Although this setting evaluates supported network paths through routing and security constructs, packet capture requires actual traffic and does not model every configuration condition; this concerns predeployment validation of intended private network reachability, not the specified proactive detection of undesirable network reachability.
D:The proposed action analyzes network configuration and identifies blocking components for a modeled connection; it does not prove that the application process is actually listening, supporting configuration-based finding for a blocked EC2 path but leaving proactive detection of undesirable network reachability unmet.
Question 717
A public ALB should terminate HTTPS, filter malicious HTTP requests, and forward only approved traffic to private targets. What is the best next configuration decision?
- Apply appropriate NLB security-group and backend network controls where supported
- Integrate an ALB HTTPS listener with AWS WAF and private target groups
- Place the application behind an approved identity-aware access proxy or VPN
- Combine supported AWS Shield protections with WAF at the eligible web entry points
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:This configuration combines layer-seven TLS ingress and web request filtering before backend forwarding; exposing the backend instances directly would bypass the web front door, so it delivers layered HTTP perimeter protection for private applications under the stated constraints.
Incorrect Answers
A:Although this setting limits permitted transport connections according to source network policy, WAF is not natively an arbitrary TCP payload firewall for an NLB; this concerns restricted layer-four public ingress, not the specified layered HTTP perimeter protection for private applications.
C:This approach requires authenticated access before sensitive network endpoints are reachable; allowing the entire internet CIDR through a security group does not meet access control intent, which helps with authenticated administrative ingress isolation instead of delivering layered HTTP perimeter protection for private applications.
D:This alternative applies complementary network-scale and HTTP request threat mitigations; a single subnet ACL cannot inspect both global floods and web attack signatures, so it addresses layered perimeter resilience for public services rather than the required layered HTTP perimeter protection for private applications.
Question 718
An internet-facing ALB is vulnerable to HTTP requests containing a known SQL injection signature. What is the best next configuration decision?
- Configure a WAF rate-based rule with the intended aggregation keys
- Attach an AWS WAF web ACL with appropriate managed or custom rules
- Set the rule action to Count during evaluation and review metrics or logs
- Use a CloudFront-scope WAF web ACL for the distribution
- Build WAF rules with header and URI matching conditions
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The approach evaluates supported HTTP request components before forwarding to protected resources; a subnet NACL cannot parse HTTP payload signatures, directly enabling application-layer filtering of malicious web requests in this situation.
Incorrect Answers
A:This approach counts matching requests and applies an action after configured rates are exceeded; Route 53 health checks do not throttle abusive HTTP callers, which helps with managed per-client web request-rate mitigation instead of delivering application-layer filtering of malicious web requests.
C:Although this setting records matches without applying the blocking decision, immediately blocking every match can interrupt legitimate application traffic; this concerns safe observation of candidate WAF rule impact, not the specified application-layer filtering of malicious web requests.
D:The proposed action applies WAF inspection at the global CDN integration scope; a regional web ACL attached to an ALB does not automatically protect every CloudFront viewer request, supporting security policy for the distribution edge but leaving application-layer filtering of malicious web requests unmet.
E:This approach inspects layer-seven request attributes before the origin receives traffic; security groups operate on network addresses and transport ports instead, which helps with fine-grained application HTTP request filtering instead of delivering application-layer filtering of malicious web requests.
Question 719
A company wants ACM to issue public certificates for customer-facing domains with browser trust. What is the best next configuration decision?
- Distribute the private CA trust anchor to intended client trust stores
- Request an ACM public certificate with successful domain validation
- Revoke the affected private CA certificate and publish supported revocation information
- Define AWS Private CA subordinate CA and issuance controls
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:This configuration obtains publicly trusted certificates for supported integrated services; a certificate from an internal private CA is not automatically trusted by internet browsers, so it delivers public domain TLS identity and trust under the stated constraints.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed action establishes certificate-chain trust for privately issued endpoint certificates; server-side certificate installation alone does not make clients trust a private issuer, supporting accepted private-service TLS validation but leaving public domain TLS identity and trust unmet.
C:This alternative tells relying parties that the compromised certificate should no longer be trusted; merely removing the certificate from one server does not invalidate all copies, so it addresses controlled PKI response to exposed keys rather than the required public domain TLS identity and trust.
D:Although this setting delegates private certificate issuance within a governed PKI hierarchy, a single unrestricted public certificate issuance workflow cannot enforce internal machine identity policy; this concerns controlled workload certificate identities, not the specified public domain TLS identity and trust.
Question 720
A customer uses Direct Connect for deterministic performance but requires an encrypted overlay to AWS. What should the network specialist configure?
- Deploy an appropriate VPN over Direct Connect architecture where supported
- Configure compatible IKEv2 on both VPN peers
- Rotate IPsec tunnel credentials under a coordinated, redundant tunnel procedure
- Manage strong VPN pre-shared keys and secure tunnel settings for customer gateways
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:This configuration carries IPsec-protected sessions on top of the dedicated network connectivity; private routing and traffic confidentiality are separate properties, so it delivers encryption in addition to private hybrid transport under the stated constraints.
Incorrect Answers
B:The proposed action establishes an approved newer IKE negotiation protocol for IPsec; a matching route prefix cannot overcome an IKE version mismatch, supporting policy-compliant VPN control-plane cryptography but leaving encryption in addition to private hybrid transport unmet.
C:This approach changes the authentication secret while preserving a managed cutover path; abrupt unsynchronized changes may take down both tunnels at once, which helps with controlled IPsec key lifecycle management instead of delivering encryption in addition to private hybrid transport.
D:This alternative authenticates the negotiating IPsec peer using agreed credentials; BGP next-hop attributes are not an IPsec peer authentication mechanism, so it addresses trustworthy site-to-site tunnel establishment rather than the required encryption in addition to private hybrid transport.