Question 890
A spoke VPC can route packets into a TGW, but an inspection VPC never receives them because its attachment does not propagate or have a static route in the table associated with the spoke. Which TGW step restores forwarding?
- Evaluate the longest matching destination prefix in the TGW route table
- Add or propagate the destination route into the TGW route table associated with the source attachment
- Associate application attachments with an egress-focused table and restrict the inspection attachment's return routes to approved source prefixes
- Add a destination CIDR route targeting the TGW attachment in the originating subnet route table
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:TGW evaluates the route table associated with the inbound attachment; having a destination attached elsewhere is insufficient if that route table lacks a matching path.
Incorrect Answers
A:A /24 destination route is more specific than a /16 and governs traffic to addresses in that range, regardless of broad propagation from another attachment; those conditions do not produce the required result: repair a missing TGW forwarding entry.
C:Associations and propagations define the forward and return policy domains; a single flat table with every propagated prefix may defeat intended spoke isolation; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to repair a missing TGW forwarding entry.
D:TGW route tables act only after traffic enters the transit gateway; the source VPC route table must first select the transit gateway as next hop for the destination prefix; it is not the action that directly makes the system repair a missing TGW forwarding entry.
Question 891
Two VPCs establish an inter-Region peering connection but only one side installs the peer CIDR route; SYN packets arrive and no replies return. What is the minimum route-level correction?
- Add a destination CIDR route targeting the TGW attachment in the originating subnet route table
- Add the reciprocal destination CIDR route to the appropriate subnet route tables in the other VPC
- Enable DNS resolution options on the VPC peering connection for the intended peer direction
- Create an inter-Region VPC peering connection and reciprocal routes
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Peering does not automatically populate either VPC's routing table; two-way connectivity requires routes for each direction in addition to appropriate security filtering.
Incorrect Answers
A:TGW route tables act only after traffic enters the transit gateway; the source VPC route table must first select the transit gateway as next hop for the destination prefix; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to make inter-Region peering routes bidirectional.
C:Peering DNS-resolution options can make supported public EC2 hostnames resolve to private IPv4 addresses across peers; peering alone does not necessarily change the DNS answer; it is not the action that directly makes the system make inter-Region peering routes bidirectional.
D:Inter-Region peering supports private IP traffic between the two VPCs, but does not extend routes transitively to a third VPC or remote gateway; that still would not establish the requested outcome: make inter-Region peering routes bidirectional.
Question 892
An organization wants selected VPCs to egress through a centralized inspection VPC without exposing them to arbitrary return paths through other spokes. What TGW route-table design works?
- Add a destination CIDR route targeting the TGW attachment in the originating subnet route table
- Add or propagate the destination route into the TGW route table associated with the source attachment
- Associate application attachments with an egress-focused table and restrict the inspection attachment's return routes to approved source prefixes
- Evaluate the longest matching destination prefix in the TGW route table
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Associations and propagations define the forward and return policy domains; a single flat table with every propagated prefix may defeat intended spoke isolation.
Incorrect Answers
A:TGW route tables act only after traffic enters the transit gateway; the source VPC route table must first select the transit gateway as next hop for the destination prefix; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to constrain centralized egress and return routes.
B:TGW evaluates the route table associated with the inbound attachment; having a destination attached elsewhere is insufficient if that route table lacks a matching path; it is not the action that directly makes the system constrain centralized egress and return routes.
D:A /24 destination route is more specific than a /16 and governs traffic to addresses in that range, regardless of broad propagation from another attachment; the scenario instead needs an action that will constrain centralized egress and return routes.
Question 893
A cloud platform team must allocate IPv6 space to new VPCs from an organization-level plan rather than allowing individually selected independent ranges. Which service feature supports managed allocation?
- Allocate VPC CIDRs from governed VPC IPAM pools in provisioning workflows
- Renumber or translate overlapping prefixes and isolate route domains where necessary
- Use Amazon VPC IP Address Manager with organization-wide allocation pools
- Configure hierarchical IPv6 address pools using Amazon VPC IPAM and provision VPC CIDRs from those pools
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:IPAM supplies allocation pools with policy and hierarchy for managed address assignments; it does not automatically create routing or security policies for those VPCs.
Incorrect Answers
A:IPAM maintains managed address spaces and pool allocation rules, reducing accidental CIDR reuse as infrastructure templates create VPCs across accounts; it is not the action that directly makes the system coordinate organizational IPv6 assignments.
B:Transit Gateway needs unambiguous destination prefixes for predictable forwarding; a more-specific route may select only part of an overlapping space but cannot make arbitrary duplicates independently reachable; that still would not establish the requested outcome: coordinate organizational IPv6 assignments.
C:IPAM tracks and allocates CIDR space across managed accounts and Regions, helping teams detect overlaps and apply consistent address plans before new VPCs are built; the scenario instead needs an action that will coordinate organizational IPv6 assignments.
Question 894
A TGW VPC attachment shows Available, but one Availability Zone contains no TGW attachment subnet and instances there cannot send packets through the TGW. Which deployment change addresses the attachment locality?
- Add or propagate the destination route into the TGW route table associated with the source attachment
- Enable appliance mode on the VPC attachment hosting the stateful inspection appliances
- Add a TGW attachment subnet in the required Availability Zone and verify associated VPC routes
- Add a destination CIDR route targeting the TGW attachment in the originating subnet route table
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:TGW VPC attachment data-plane availability depends on enabled attachment AZs; a subnet without an attachment path cannot assume that another AZ's attachment automatically carries its traffic.
Incorrect Answers
A:TGW evaluates the route table associated with the inbound attachment; having a destination attached elsewhere is insufficient if that route table lacks a matching path; that still would not establish the requested outcome: enable transit access in the missing AZ.
B:TGW appliance mode helps ensure the same appliance AZ is selected for a flow in both directions, which is important for stateful inspection continuity; the scenario instead needs an action that will enable transit access in the missing AZ.
D:TGW route tables act only after traffic enters the transit gateway; the source VPC route table must first select the transit gateway as next hop for the destination prefix; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to enable transit access in the missing AZ.
Question 895
A VPC needs to resolve files.corp.internal using on-premises authoritative servers over a VPN. A Resolver outbound endpoint exists, but queries still use public DNS because the forwarding rule is not associated with the VPC. What must be completed?
- Add outbound endpoint IP addresses in subnets across at least two supported Availability Zones
- Associate the private hosted zone with the inbound endpoint's VPC B or use a supported forwarding architecture
- Associate the domain-specific Route 53 Resolver forwarding rule with the workload VPC
- Share the Resolver rule through AWS Resource Access Manager and associate it with authorized VPCs
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The rule association tells the VPC Resolver which suffix to forward via the outbound endpoint; endpoint creation alone does not redirect DNS requests for that domain.
Incorrect Answers
A:Multiple subnet IPs in different AZs reduce dependence on a single AZ for DNS forwarding toward on-premises resolvers; redundant target resolvers should also be reachable; the scenario instead needs an action that will activate conditional DNS forwarding in a VPC.
B:An inbound Resolver endpoint resolves using the DNS view of its VPC, so a private hosted zone available only in another VPC is not automatically available across the connection; those conditions do not produce the required result: activate conditional DNS forwarding in a VPC.
D:Sharing lets other accounts reuse the centrally managed forwarding rule, while each intended VPC still requires association to activate it; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to activate conditional DNS forwarding in a VPC.
Question 896
An on-premises recursive DNS server forwards a large DNSSEC response to a Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint. Small answers succeed, but truncated UDP responses fail because the client cannot retry over TCP. Which network permission is missing?
- Allow TCP port 53 on the path to the inbound Resolver endpoint in addition to UDP port 53
- Open TCP 443 to the outbound Resolver endpoint instead of DNS ports
- Disable DNSSEC for the public domain to keep replies below the UDP size limit
- Allow only UDP 123 from the data center to the endpoint security group
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:DNS can use TCP/53 after UDP truncation and for other large responses. Ensure the path, including the endpoint security group and intervening firewalls, permits the retry to the inbound endpoint.
Incorrect Answers
B:TCP/443 is HTTPS rather than standard DNS fallback, and outbound Resolver endpoints send VPC queries toward upstream servers instead of accepting on-premises queries into the VPC.
C:Turning off DNSSEC weakens answer-integrity assurance and is not the correct transport-layer repair for a blocked TCP retry.
D:UDP port 123 transports Network Time Protocol traffic. It cannot provide the TCP port 53 fallback required when a DNS response is truncated, so opening it does not restore large DNSSEC responses.
Question 897
A central DNS account owns a Resolver forwarding rule and several application accounts need to apply it to their VPCs. Which cross-account mechanism provides rule distribution?
- Create a shared Resolver rule in the network account and distribute association permissions through RAM
- Associate the domain-specific Route 53 Resolver forwarding rule with the workload VPC
- Apply Route 53 Resolver rule priority and longest-domain match precedence
- Share the Resolver rule through AWS Resource Access Manager and associate it with authorized VPCs
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Sharing lets other accounts reuse the centrally managed forwarding rule, while each intended VPC still requires association to activate it.
Incorrect Answers
A:Centralized rule ownership with controlled sharing avoids independent drift while allowing application VPCs to opt into the appropriate hybrid DNS resolution path; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to reuse one hybrid DNS rule across accounts.
B:The rule association tells the VPC Resolver which suffix to forward via the outbound endpoint; endpoint creation alone does not redirect DNS requests for that domain; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to reuse one hybrid DNS rule across accounts.
C:Resolver system and forwarding rules use domain matching and precedence; a more-specific nested rule can take priority over a broader forwarding rule, changing where that DNS query is resolved; it is not the action that directly makes the system reuse one hybrid DNS rule across accounts.
Question 898
A VPC is associated with a private hosted zone for example.org, but that private zone lacks an A record for public.example.org. A public hosted zone has such an A record. What should the administrator expect from the VPC Resolver?
- The resolver always prefers the public-zone answer when a private record is absent
- The query is sent to an internet gateway for recursive lookup despite the private zone match
- The resolver returns a negative response for the missing private-zone name instead of automatically falling back to the public zone
- The Resolver creates an alias record in the private zone pointing at the public answer
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:When the private zone is the applicable match and the requested name or type is missing, Route 53 Resolver responds negatively rather than querying the public hosted zone for the same suffix.
Incorrect Answers
A:Association with a matching private hosted zone changes which namespace answers the VPC query; it is not a record-by-record public fallback mechanism.
B:An internet gateway forwards IP traffic according to route tables, not DNS authority selection for a matching private hosted-zone name.
D:Resolver does not mutate the hosted zone to synthesize new alias records when a requested private name is missing.
Question 899
An enterprise consolidates domains under different resolver rules. A team creates a forward rule for a parent suffix and a system rule for a nested namespace. The nested zone unexpectedly resolves locally. Which behavior explains this?
- Apply Route 53 Resolver rule priority and longest-domain match precedence
- Associate the domain-specific Route 53 Resolver forwarding rule with the workload VPC
- Enable DNSSEC validation for the VPC's Route 53 Resolver where supported
- Share the Resolver rule through AWS Resource Access Manager and associate it with authorized VPCs
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Resolver system and forwarding rules use domain matching and precedence; a more-specific nested rule can take priority over a broader forwarding rule, changing where that DNS query is resolved.
Incorrect Answers
B:The rule association tells the VPC Resolver which suffix to forward via the outbound endpoint; endpoint creation alone does not redirect DNS requests for that domain; that still would not establish the requested outcome: explain rule precedence for nested DNS suffixes.
C:Resolver validation checks cryptographic DNSSEC integrity of applicable DNS responses; it is separate from signing the organization's own authoritative hosted zones; the scenario instead needs an action that will explain rule precedence for nested DNS suffixes.
D:Sharing lets other accounts reuse the centrally managed forwarding rule, while each intended VPC still requires association to activate it; those conditions do not produce the required result: explain rule precedence for nested DNS suffixes.
Question 900
A software-defined WAN appliance is being attached through Transit Gateway Connect. The VPC transport attachment exists, but the overlay has no dynamic route exchange. What additional configuration enables the supported overlay routing model?
- Assign a public Elastic IP address directly to the transit gateway route table
- Create a Connect peer with GRE tunnel endpoints and establish BGP over the GRE-based transport
- Replace the appliance with Route 53 Resolver endpoints and private hosted zones
- Configure the Connect attachment as an internet gateway route target on the appliance subnet
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Transit Gateway Connect uses a transport attachment together with GRE connectivity and BGP peering for dynamic routing between a compatible appliance and the transit gateway.
Incorrect Answers
A:Public addressing on a transit gateway route table is not how Connect peers advertise and learn overlay routes.
C:Resolver manages DNS query flows and has no role in the GRE/BGP adjacency required by a Transit Gateway Connect attachment.
D:VPC subnet route tables can route toward the transport attachment path, but the overlay still needs Connect-peer tunnel and BGP configuration.