Question 870

A regulated application runs replicas in two AWS Regions. During a regional incident, operators must deliberately enable the standby Route 53 failover record, and guardrails must prevent a mistaken operation from disabling all replicas. Which design meets both requirements?

  1. Manually delete the active Region's hosted zone whenever operators declare failover
  2. Use Amazon Route 53 ARC routing controls associated with Route 53 health checks and configure safety rules
  3. Increase DNS TTL to a day to reduce the frequency of failover operations
  4. Use an application security group to stop all routing to the original Region

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

ARC routing controls give operators an explicit on/off data-plane signal that Route 53 failover records can use. Safety rules can constrain unsafe combinations of routing-control states.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Deleting an authoritative hosted zone damages DNS availability and offers no guardrail against both regions becoming unreachable.

C:

A long TTL would delay clients that cache the old response and does not supply a managed failover switch or safety constraints.

D:

Security groups filter instance traffic within VPC networks; they are not a globally managed DNS routing-control mechanism.

Question 871

A newly created private Direct Connect VIF shows a physical connection as up, but its BGP session remains Idle. The customer router has configured the Amazon peer IP as a neighbor yet uses a different ASN than the VIF's configured customer ASN. What should be corrected?

  1. Review received prefix counts and adjust the customer router's documented maximum-prefix policy appropriately
  2. Advertise only the intended private prefixes over the Direct Connect BGP session
  3. Match the customer router BGP ASN to the customer ASN configured on the Direct Connect VIF
  4. Update the Direct Connect gateway association's allowed prefixes for the intended TGW routes

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

BGP neighbors must agree on each other's peer ASNs; a functioning physical circuit and VLAN cannot establish the control-plane adjacency when the remote AS is configured incorrectly.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A BGP peer can stay reachable while a router enforces prefix limits or suppresses updates; diagnosing the actual routes received and the configured threshold avoids misclassifying the event as link failure; the scenario instead needs an action that will establish a correctly paired BGP adjacency.

B:

Restricting advertised prefixes keeps hybrid routing within the intended enterprise reachability boundary; unnecessary default route advertisements can attract traffic not meant for Direct Connect; those conditions do not produce the required result: establish a correctly paired BGP adjacency.

D:

The allowed-prefix configuration controls which connected AWS-side ranges are advertised toward on-premises through this association; it is not a generic subnet route table entry; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to establish a correctly paired BGP adjacency.

Question 872

A network engineer is handed a Direct Connect hosted connection from a partner and expects to configure a private VIF immediately. AWS shows the hosted connection as pending. Which prerequisite is missing?

  1. Advertise only the intended private prefixes over the Direct Connect BGP session
  2. Use a Direct Connect public virtual interface for supported public AWS endpoints
  3. Match the customer router BGP ASN to the customer ASN configured on the Direct Connect VIF
  4. Accept the hosted connection in the intended AWS account before creating the virtual interface

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Hosted connections require the recipient to accept the provisioned connection; only after acceptance can the account configure the supported VIF and start routing.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Restricting advertised prefixes keeps hybrid routing within the intended enterprise reachability boundary; unnecessary default route advertisements can attract traffic not meant for Direct Connect; those conditions do not produce the required result: activate a partner-provided DX connection.

B:

Public VIFs exchange public AWS service prefixes and customer public addressing, unlike transit VIFs, which carry hybrid private routes toward TGWs; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to activate a partner-provided DX connection.

C:

BGP neighbors must agree on each other's peer ASNs; a functioning physical circuit and VLAN cannot establish the control-plane adjacency when the remote AS is configured incorrectly; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to activate a partner-provided DX connection.

Question 873

Two 10-Gbps Direct Connect connections are grouped into a LAG. One failure must not leave the LAG operational with too little capacity for the application. What LAG property can enforce this?

  1. Set the LAG minimum link count to the required number of healthy members
  2. Configure MACsec on a supported Direct Connect dedicated connection and compatible customer hardware
  3. Provision Direct Connect connections in separate locations with independent customer-side routing infrastructure
  4. Combine eligible same-speed Direct Connect dedicated links into a link aggregation group

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The minimum-links setting makes the aggregated connection unavailable when fewer than the configured number of physical links remain, preventing operation below the chosen physical redundancy threshold.

Incorrect Answers

B:

MACsec protects Ethernet frames on eligible Direct Connect physical links, subject to connection speed, location, and equipment support; it does not replace application-layer encryption throughout the AWS service path; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to enforce a minimum count of working DX members.

C:

Distinct physical facilities and routers reduce correlated outages; multiple VLANs or VIFs on one physical circuit do not create separate transport failure domains; it is not the action that directly makes the system enforce a minimum count of working DX members.

D:

LAG combines supported same-speed physical connections under one logical construct; individual BGP flow hashing and circuit health still affect realized traffic distribution; that still would not establish the requested outcome: enforce a minimum count of working DX members.

Question 874

A Site-to-Site VPN uses BGP, but on-premises prefixes never appear at the VGW even though IKE and IPsec security associations are established. The configured customer router is missing the AWS inside-tunnel neighbor. What should be added?

  1. Configure and monitor both VPN tunnel interfaces and BGP neighbors on the customer gateway
  2. Assign nonoverlapping valid inside IPv4 tunnel CIDRs to each VPN tunnel
  3. Establish BGP over a dynamic-routing Site-to-Site VPN connection
  4. Configure BGP using the inside tunnel addresses and AWS peer ASN supplied for that VPN tunnel

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

IPsec tunnel establishment authenticates the encrypted underlay; dynamic route exchange requires a separate BGP session with the correct neighbors and ASN over the tunnel interfaces.

Incorrect Answers

A:

AWS provides two tunnels for redundancy; leaving a second tunnel's routing session unconfigured prevents it from taking over during planned or unplanned maintenance; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to exchange routes across an established IPsec tunnel.

B:

The inside addresses identify separate point-to-point BGP interfaces and must not collide; reusing the same inside tunnel CIDR makes distinct neighbor and forwarding contexts ambiguous; it is not the action that directly makes the system exchange routes across an established IPsec tunnel.

C:

BGP exchanges prefixes and responds to route withdrawals across the VPN tunnel; static routing requires explicit configuration and does not provide equivalent dynamic route signaling; that still would not establish the requested outcome: exchange routes across an established IPsec tunnel.

Question 875

A new Site-to-Site VPN connection attaches to a VGW; the VPC route table still has no path to 172.24.0.0/16 on-premises. Engineers need the route learned automatically when AWS supports propagation. Which change is appropriate?

  1. Establish BGP over a dynamic-routing Site-to-Site VPN connection
  2. Enable virtual private gateway route propagation on the affected VPC route table
  3. Configure BGP using the inside tunnel addresses and AWS peer ASN supplied for that VPN tunnel
  4. Configure and monitor both VPN tunnel interfaces and BGP neighbors on the customer gateway

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

With an eligible VGW attachment, route propagation can install learned remote prefixes into the selected VPC route tables; merely establishing the tunnel does not make every subnet route table use those routes.

Incorrect Answers

A:

BGP exchanges prefixes and responds to route withdrawals across the VPN tunnel; static routing requires explicit configuration and does not provide equivalent dynamic route signaling; it is not the action that directly makes the system populate VPC subnet routes from the VPN gateway.

C:

IPsec tunnel establishment authenticates the encrypted underlay; dynamic route exchange requires a separate BGP session with the correct neighbors and ASN over the tunnel interfaces; the scenario instead needs an action that will populate VPC subnet routes from the VPN gateway.

D:

AWS provides two tunnels for redundancy; leaving a second tunnel's routing session unconfigured prevents it from taking over during planned or unplanned maintenance; those conditions do not produce the required result: populate VPC subnet routes from the VPN gateway.

Question 876

A customer gateway has two route-based IPsec tunnels for the same AWS VPN connection. The security team configured both with an identical local inside-tunnel /30 CIDR. What should be changed?

  1. Rotate the VPN tunnel pre-shared keys through the supported VPN tunnel-option workflow and coordinate customer gateway changes
  2. Configure and monitor both VPN tunnel interfaces and BGP neighbors on the customer gateway
  3. Assign nonoverlapping valid inside IPv4 tunnel CIDRs to each VPN tunnel
  4. Configure BGP using the inside tunnel addresses and AWS peer ASN supplied for that VPN tunnel

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The inside addresses identify separate point-to-point BGP interfaces and must not collide; reusing the same inside tunnel CIDR makes distinct neighbor and forwarding contexts ambiguous.

Incorrect Answers

A:

PSK rotation changes tunnel authentication material; routing policies and BGP prefixes can remain logically independent while tunnel reestablishment must be planned; that still would not establish the requested outcome: provide unique tunnel-interface addressing.

B:

AWS provides two tunnels for redundancy; leaving a second tunnel's routing session unconfigured prevents it from taking over during planned or unplanned maintenance; the scenario instead needs an action that will provide unique tunnel-interface addressing.

D:

IPsec tunnel establishment authenticates the encrypted underlay; dynamic route exchange requires a separate BGP session with the correct neighbors and ASN over the tunnel interfaces; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to provide unique tunnel-interface addressing.

Question 877

An enterprise wants on-premises BGP updates to arrive over a Direct Connect transit VIF attached via a DX gateway. The VIF is established but the expected TGW prefix is absent because allowed prefixes were not set on the gateway association. Where should the missing advertisement be configured?

  1. Match the customer router BGP ASN to the customer ASN configured on the Direct Connect VIF
  2. Use transit VIFs, a Direct Connect gateway, and associated Transit Gateways
  3. Advertise only the intended private prefixes over the Direct Connect BGP session
  4. Update the Direct Connect gateway association's allowed prefixes for the intended TGW routes

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The allowed-prefix configuration controls which connected AWS-side ranges are advertised toward on-premises through this association; it is not a generic subnet route table entry.

Incorrect Answers

A:

BGP neighbors must agree on each other's peer ASNs; a functioning physical circuit and VLAN cannot establish the control-plane adjacency when the remote AS is configured incorrectly; the scenario instead needs an action that will advertise selected TGW-connected prefixes over DX.

B:

A Direct Connect gateway can connect eligible transit virtual interfaces to TGWs across supported Regions, avoiding a separate VIF per individual VPC; those conditions do not produce the required result: advertise selected TGW-connected prefixes over DX.

C:

Restricting advertised prefixes keeps hybrid routing within the intended enterprise reachability boundary; unnecessary default route advertisements can attract traffic not meant for Direct Connect; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to advertise selected TGW-connected prefixes over DX.

Question 878

A production system has two AWS Site-to-Site VPN tunnels but only one on-premises BGP adjacency is running. Operations requires tunnel resiliency after one endpoint is replaced by AWS maintenance. What must be done?

  1. Configure BGP using the inside tunnel addresses and AWS peer ASN supplied for that VPN tunnel
  2. Monitor VPN tunnel endpoint change notifications and update the peer configuration to the provisioned endpoint values
  3. Attach a Site-to-Site VPN to Transit Gateway and establish BGP tunnels with the customer gateway
  4. Configure and monitor both VPN tunnel interfaces and BGP neighbors on the customer gateway

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

AWS provides two tunnels for redundancy; leaving a second tunnel's routing session unconfigured prevents it from taking over during planned or unplanned maintenance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IPsec tunnel establishment authenticates the encrypted underlay; dynamic route exchange requires a separate BGP session with the correct neighbors and ASN over the tunnel interfaces; those conditions do not produce the required result: maintain both redundant VPN routing sessions.

B:

Customer gateways should use the actual tunnel outside addresses supplied for the VPN connection and plan for documented endpoint changes; fixed assumptions about future endpoints create outages; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to maintain both redundant VPN routing sessions.

C:

TGW VPN attachments connect encrypted on-premises tunnels to transit route tables, which must also contain the routes and attachment policies for reachable VPC prefixes; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to maintain both redundant VPN routing sessions.

Question 879

A router connects to a Direct Connect private VIF and requests a 9000-byte payload across a path that includes a Site-to-Site VPN appliance with 1500-byte transport MTU. The first TCP handshake succeeds but large transfers hang. Which implementation adjustment is most targeted?

  1. Measure effective path MTU and adjust TCP MSS or packet size to avoid tunnel fragmentation
  2. Deploy NAT gateways per active AZ and use same-AZ subnet routes
  3. Clamp TCP MSS to a value compatible with the smallest encapsulated path MTU
  4. Reuse application TCP connections or distribute destination tuples and NAT source addresses where feasible

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A successful handshake uses small packets; oversized encrypted data packets may be fragmented or dropped, so an appropriately sized MSS avoids black-hole behavior along the limiting hop.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IPsec encapsulation reduces usable payload compared with an unencapsulated Ethernet path, and path MTU/MSS settings help prevent black-holed large packets; it changes a different aspect of the architecture rather than fulfilling the need to fit TCP segments inside the true path MTU.

B:

Matching each workload AZ to a local NAT gateway avoids forcing routine egress through another AZ and removes one AZ's gateway as a shared dependency, though gateway hourly costs increase; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to fit TCP segments inside the true path MTU.

D:

Reducing churn and spreading simultaneous destination flows can mitigate per-tuple ephemeral-port pressure; simply adding unrelated DNS records does not create more NAT port capacity; that still would not establish the requested outcome: fit TCP segments inside the true path MTU.

Question 880

A retail branch has customer-edge BGP policies that prefer one VPN tunnel, but both paths are always selected despite requirement for deterministic primary/backup. Which control on the customer routers can influence outbound preference?

  1. Configure BGP using the inside tunnel addresses and AWS peer ASN supplied for that VPN tunnel
  2. Configure and monitor both VPN tunnel interfaces and BGP neighbors on the customer gateway
  3. Assign nonoverlapping valid inside IPv4 tunnel CIDRs to each VPN tunnel
  4. Apply BGP local preference consistently to routes received over the intended primary VPN tunnel

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Local preference is evaluated inside the customer's autonomous system for outbound route selection; changing route tables in an unrelated VPC will not establish router-side egress preference.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IPsec tunnel establishment authenticates the encrypted underlay; dynamic route exchange requires a separate BGP session with the correct neighbors and ASN over the tunnel interfaces; the operational gap would remain because the question requires a way to select the customer-side outbound VPN path.

B:

AWS provides two tunnels for redundancy; leaving a second tunnel's routing session unconfigured prevents it from taking over during planned or unplanned maintenance; it is not the action that directly makes the system select the customer-side outbound VPN path.

C:

The inside addresses identify separate point-to-point BGP interfaces and must not collide; reusing the same inside tunnel CIDR makes distinct neighbor and forwarding contexts ambiguous; that still would not establish the requested outcome: select the customer-side outbound VPN path.

AWS Certified Advanced Networking - Specialty ANS-C01 Practice Tests