Question 90
A Direct Connect circuit is ordered, but the colocation provider cannot install the cross-connect without customer documentation. What must be supplied?
- Provide the Direct Connect Letter of Authorization and Connecting Facility Assignment
- Create an AWS Direct Connect link aggregation group from compatible dedicated connections
- Establish Direct Connect connections at separate Direct Connect locations with redundant customer paths
- Keep Site-to-Site VPN as a backup path with routing preferences controlling failover
- Deploy AWS Site-to-Site VPN over existing Internet connectivity
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The LOA-CFA identifies the approved circuit termination and facility details needed for the physical cross-connect.
Incorrect Answers
B:A LAG bundles supported physical ports into one logical interface, while all member links remain inside the same location failure domain; this belongs to aggregated physical ports at one Direct Connect location, while the problem is physical cross-connect authorization at the interconnect facility.
C:Geographic and facility diversity protects against a single colocation or circuit fault that redundant VLANs on one port cannot survive; this changes physical redundancy across interconnect facilities, not the necessary physical cross-connect authorization at the interconnect facility.
D:In the heterogeneous backup path for circuit outages workflow, an independent IPsec tunnel over the Internet provides a separate transport failure domain when the dedicated circuit becomes unavailable; the current case needs physical cross-connect authorization at the interconnect facility.
E:This produces fast establishment of encrypted hybrid connectivity: IPsec tunnels can establish encrypted AWS connectivity without waiting for Direct Connect cross-connect provisioning; the stem instead tests physical cross-connect authorization at the interconnect facility.
Question 91
A central hub connects multiple transit gateways across AWS Regions. Which routing distinction must architects account for?
- Use a transit virtual interface to a Direct Connect gateway associated with the transit gateway
- Share a central transit gateway through AWS Resource Access Manager
- Build an AWS Transit Gateway Connect attachment with GRE and BGP peers
- Add the required static routes for transit gateway peering attachments
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Transit gateway peering does not dynamically propagate attached VPC or VPN prefixes, so destination routes must be programmed explicitly.
Incorrect Answers
A:Transit VIFs connect on-premises routers to transit gateways through Direct Connect gateways, reducing per-VPC VIF sprawl; that addresses Direct Connect transit access to many routed VPCs, rather than inter-Regional transit routing without BGP propagation.
B:RAM lets separate accounts create and use approved attachments to a centrally managed transit gateway while retaining account boundaries; this belongs to cross-account consumption of shared transit routing, while the problem is inter-Regional transit routing without BGP propagation.
C:Transit Gateway Connect provides GRE overlay connectivity and BGP route exchange for supported SD-WAN and virtual router appliances; this changes dynamic GRE overlay integration with transit routing, not the necessary inter-Regional transit routing without BGP propagation.
Question 92
A company wants AWS traffic to traverse a corporate MPLS backbone to a Direct Connect location. Which entity supplies that private carrier transport?
- Apply Direct Connect BGP community tags that affect AWS local preference
- Contract with a network service provider to connect the WAN to an AWS Direct Connect location
- Run Site-to-Site VPN over Direct Connect using a supported public or private IP transport design
- Create an AWS Direct Connect link aggregation group from compatible dedicated connections
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:AWS Direct Connect terminates at its location; carrier/MPLS reach from enterprise sites must be provisioned separately.
Incorrect Answers
A:AWS honors supported communities to influence its outbound routing decision toward advertised customer prefixes; that addresses control of AWS egress preference across hybrid links, rather than private WAN access to a Direct Connect entry point.
C:Direct Connect provides dedicated transport, while the layered VPN supplies IPsec encryption absent from ordinary VIF forwarding; this changes encrypted hybrid traffic on dedicated transport, not the necessary private WAN access to a Direct Connect entry point.
D:In the aggregated physical ports at one Direct Connect location workflow, A LAG bundles supported physical ports into one logical interface, while all member links remain inside the same location failure domain; the current case needs private WAN access to a Direct Connect entry point.
Question 93
A business-critical datacenter needs facility-diverse private connectivity and an independent encrypted backup route if the dedicated transport becomes unavailable. Which TWO architecture elements address these failure modes? Choose TWO.
- Establish Direct Connect connections at separate Direct Connect locations with redundant customer paths
- Set local preference on the on-premises BGP routing domain
- Use a transit virtual interface to a Direct Connect gateway associated with the transit gateway
- Use multiple appropriately routed VPN tunnels or higher-bandwidth connectivity rather than nested IPsec
- Keep Site-to-Site VPN as a backup path with routing preferences controlling failover
Explanation
Correct Answers
A:Geographic and facility diversity protects against a single colocation or circuit fault that redundant VLANs on one port cannot survive; this covers the physical redundancy across interconnect facilities component of the combined scenario.
E:An independent IPsec tunnel over the Internet provides a separate transport failure domain when the dedicated circuit becomes unavailable; this covers the heterogeneous backup path for circuit outages component of the combined scenario.
Incorrect Answers
B:The enterprise's own local preference policy selects an outbound path to AWS without requiring changes to AWS advertisement behavior; this belongs to control of customer-originated traffic using internal BGP policy, while the problem is facility-separated Direct Connect paths with VPN backup.
C:Transit VIFs connect on-premises routers to transit gateways through Direct Connect gateways, reducing per-VPC VIF sprawl; this changes Direct Connect transit access to many routed VPCs, not the necessary facility-separated Direct Connect paths with VPN backup.
D:In the scalable hybrid throughput rather than repeated encapsulation workflow, layering encryption headers increases overhead but does not combine independent tunnel throughput into a larger physical transport; the current case needs facility-separated Direct Connect paths with VPN backup.
Question 94
A company connects a customer gateway to AWS VPN by dynamic routing. Which protocol must the customer device support for learned route exchange?
- Use valid and appropriately distinct local and remote BGP ASNs for the peering design
- Establish BGP sessions over the VPN tunnel interfaces
- Configure both AWS-provided VPN tunnels on independent customer-gateway interfaces where possible
- Build an AWS Transit Gateway Connect attachment with GRE and BGP peers
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Dynamic Site-to-Site VPN connectivity uses BGP to exchange reachable prefixes and respond to routing changes. Tunnel establishment by IPsec alone does not originate the on-premises or VPC networks that dynamic route exchange requires.
Incorrect Answers
A:EBGP session configuration must match the advertised peer ASN and local routing policy; accidental ASN mismatches prevent session establishment; that addresses compatible autonomous-system identities for BGP peers, rather than exchange of dynamic routes over IPsec tunnels.
C:Each Site-to-Site VPN connection provides two tunnels, enabling a surviving tunnel to carry traffic if its peer path fails; this changes resilience against one IPsec tunnel failure, not the necessary exchange of dynamic routes over IPsec tunnels.
D:In the dynamic GRE overlay integration with transit routing workflow, transit Gateway Connect provides GRE overlay connectivity and BGP route exchange for supported SD-WAN and virtual router appliances; the current case needs exchange of dynamic routes over IPsec tunnels.
Question 95
Two branch sites require full-mesh intercommunication, but their VPNs terminate only on separate VPC virtual private gateways. What should the architect not assume?
- Add the required static routes for transit gateway peering attachments
- Create a private virtual interface toward the VPC's virtual private gateway or Direct Connect gateway
- Do not treat individual virtual private gateways as a transitive branch routing hub
- Use valid and appropriately distinct local and remote BGP ASNs for the peering design
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:A VGW provides VPC edge connectivity, whereas branch-to-branch transit requires a supported hub service or an appropriately designed VPN topology.
Incorrect Answers
A:Transit gateway peering does not dynamically propagate attached VPC or VPN prefixes, so destination routes must be programmed explicitly; that addresses inter-Regional transit routing without BGP propagation, rather than branch-to-branch transit beyond isolated VPC edge gateways.
B:A private VIF exchanges private network routes for VPC connectivity instead of exposing the public AWS service address space; this belongs to private-IP hybrid routing to a VPC, while the problem is branch-to-branch transit beyond isolated VPC edge gateways.
D:In the compatible autonomous-system identities for BGP peers workflow, eBGP session configuration must match the advertised peer ASN and local routing policy; accidental ASN mismatches prevent session establishment; the current case needs branch-to-branch transit beyond isolated VPC edge gateways.
Question 96
A network architect must select a BGP ASN for a new on-premises router connecting to AWS. What prerequisite protects route exchange?
- Do not treat individual virtual private gateways as a transitive branch routing hub
- Set local preference on the on-premises BGP routing domain
- Establish BGP sessions over the VPN tunnel interfaces
- Use valid and appropriately distinct local and remote BGP ASNs for the peering design
- Confirm the configured 802.1Q VLAN tag matches the Direct Connect virtual interface
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:EBGP session configuration must match the advertised peer ASN and local routing policy; accidental ASN mismatches prevent session establishment.
Incorrect Answers
A:A VGW provides VPC edge connectivity, whereas branch-to-branch transit requires a supported hub service or an appropriately designed VPN topology; that addresses branch-to-branch transit beyond isolated VPC edge gateways, rather than compatible autonomous-system identities for BGP peers.
B:The enterprise's own local preference policy selects an outbound path to AWS without requiring changes to AWS advertisement behavior; this belongs to control of customer-originated traffic using internal BGP policy, while the problem is compatible autonomous-system identities for BGP peers.
C:Dynamic Site-to-Site VPN connectivity uses BGP to exchange reachable prefixes and respond to routing changes; this changes exchange of dynamic routes over IPsec tunnels, not the necessary compatible autonomous-system identities for BGP peers.
E:This produces correct VLAN encapsulation for hybrid BGP sessions: The VIF's VLAN is the layer-two demultiplexing identity, so an incorrect tag prevents expected frames from reaching the BGP peer; the stem instead tests compatible autonomous-system identities for BGP peers.
Question 97
A Direct Connect router interface is physically up, but its VIF never establishes the expected BGP session. Which configuration should be verified at layer two first?
- Confirm the configured 802.1Q VLAN tag matches the Direct Connect virtual interface
- Use a transit virtual interface to a Direct Connect gateway associated with the transit gateway
- Configure a Direct Connect public virtual interface
- Use valid and appropriately distinct local and remote BGP ASNs for the peering design
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The VIF's VLAN is the layer-two demultiplexing identity, so an incorrect tag prevents expected frames from reaching the BGP peer.
Incorrect Answers
B:Transit VIFs connect on-premises routers to transit gateways through Direct Connect gateways, reducing per-VPC VIF sprawl; this belongs to Direct Connect transit access to many routed VPCs, while the problem is correct VLAN encapsulation for hybrid BGP sessions.
C:A public VIF establishes BGP reachability for supported AWS public endpoints over the dedicated connection without turning them into private IP resources; this changes AWS public service routing over Direct Connect, not the necessary correct VLAN encapsulation for hybrid BGP sessions.
D:In the compatible autonomous-system identities for BGP peers workflow, eBGP session configuration must match the advertised peer ASN and local routing policy; accidental ASN mismatches prevent session establishment; the current case needs correct VLAN encapsulation for hybrid BGP sessions.
Question 98
An enterprise wants to connect two VPCs in different accounts to a regional hub but does not want each account to own another gateway. Which organizational pattern works?
- Build an AWS Transit Gateway Connect attachment with GRE and BGP peers
- Use a transit virtual interface to a Direct Connect gateway associated with the transit gateway
- Share a central transit gateway through AWS Resource Access Manager
- Add the required static routes for transit gateway peering attachments
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:RAM lets separate accounts create and use approved attachments to a centrally managed transit gateway while retaining account boundaries.
Incorrect Answers
A:Transit Gateway Connect provides GRE overlay connectivity and BGP route exchange for supported SD-WAN and virtual router appliances; that addresses dynamic GRE overlay integration with transit routing, rather than cross-account consumption of shared transit routing.
B:Transit VIFs connect on-premises routers to transit gateways through Direct Connect gateways, reducing per-VPC VIF sprawl; this belongs to Direct Connect transit access to many routed VPCs, while the problem is cross-account consumption of shared transit routing.
D:In the inter-Regional transit routing without BGP propagation workflow, transit gateway peering does not dynamically propagate attached VPC or VPN prefixes, so destination routes must be programmed explicitly; the current case needs cross-account consumption of shared transit routing.
Question 99
A datacenter wants redundant VPN termination at AWS without relying on one tunnel endpoint. Which Site-to-Site VPN characteristic should be used?
- Keep Site-to-Site VPN as a backup path with routing preferences controlling failover
- Configure both AWS-provided VPN tunnels on independent customer-gateway interfaces where possible
- Use AWS Site-to-Site VPN private IP VPN over Direct Connect with Transit Gateway
- Establish BGP sessions over the VPN tunnel interfaces
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Each Site-to-Site VPN connection provides two tunnels, enabling a surviving tunnel to carry traffic if its peer path fails.
Incorrect Answers
A:An independent IPsec tunnel over the Internet provides a separate transport failure domain when the dedicated circuit becomes unavailable; that addresses heterogeneous backup path for circuit outages, rather than resilience against one IPsec tunnel failure.
C:Private IP VPN can run IPsec tunnels on a Direct Connect path using private endpoint addresses and centralized transit routing; this changes private-addressed IPsec encryption on dedicated hybrid links, not the necessary resilience against one IPsec tunnel failure.
D:In the exchange of dynamic routes over IPsec tunnels workflow, dynamic Site-to-Site VPN connectivity uses BGP to exchange reachable prefixes and respond to routing changes; the current case needs resilience against one IPsec tunnel failure.
Question 100
A network engineer needs to send an encrypted VPN through a transit VIF using private tunnel IP addresses. Which service capability fits?
- Configure both AWS-provided VPN tunnels on independent customer-gateway interfaces where possible
- Use AWS Site-to-Site VPN private IP VPN over Direct Connect with Transit Gateway
- Deploy AWS Site-to-Site VPN over existing Internet connectivity
- Create a private virtual interface toward the VPC's virtual private gateway or Direct Connect gateway
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Private IP VPN can run IPsec tunnels on a Direct Connect path using private endpoint addresses and centralized transit routing.
Incorrect Answers
A:Each Site-to-Site VPN connection provides two tunnels, enabling a surviving tunnel to carry traffic if its peer path fails; that addresses resilience against one IPsec tunnel failure, rather than private-addressed IPsec encryption on dedicated hybrid links.
C:IPsec tunnels can establish encrypted AWS connectivity without waiting for Direct Connect cross-connect provisioning; this changes fast establishment of encrypted hybrid connectivity, not the necessary private-addressed IPsec encryption on dedicated hybrid links.
D:In the private-IP hybrid routing to a VPC workflow, A private VIF exchanges private network routes for VPC connectivity instead of exposing the public AWS service address space; the current case needs private-addressed IPsec encryption on dedicated hybrid links.