CNCF CKA: etcd Backup and Cluster Recovery
A Kubernetes cluster can survive many workload failures without losing its identity, but the control plane depends on a much smaller set of…
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CNCF CKA: Troubleshooting Kubernetes Nodes and Workloads
Kubernetes troubleshooting is fastest when administrators identify which layer owns the symptom before changing anything. A failing application might be caused by its…
Read articleCNCF CKA: Scheduling with Taints, Tolerations, and Affinity
Kubernetes scheduling matches unscheduled Pods to nodes that can run them. Most workloads can rely on the default scheduler, which already considers resource…
Read articleCNCF CKA: Kubernetes RBAC
Kubernetes Role-Based Access Control, or RBAC, governs what authenticated identities are allowed to do through the Kubernetes API. It is a core cluster…
Read articleCNCF CKA: Pods, Deployments, and ReplicaSets
Kubernetes runs application containers inside Pods, but administrators rarely manage production Pods one by one. Higher-level workload controllers create, replace, scale, and update…
Read articleCNCF CKA: Persistent Volumes and Storage Classes
Containers are disposable, but application data often is not. Kubernetes therefore separates workload lifecycle from persistent storage through PersistentVolumes, PersistentVolumeClaims, StorageClasses, and the…
Read articleCNCF CKA: Kubernetes Services and Networking
Kubernetes networking lets Pods communicate across nodes while Services provide stable endpoints over a changing set of Pods. The key operational challenge is…
Read articleCNCF CKA: Ingress, Gateway API, and External Access
Applications running in Kubernetes often need traffic from outside the cluster. The challenge is not simply opening a port. Operators need stable endpoints,…
Read articleCNCF CKA: Kubernetes Cluster Architecture
Kubernetes architecture is built around a control plane that stores desired state and a set of worker nodes that run application Pods. That…
Read articleCNCF CKA: ConfigMaps, Secrets, and App Configuration
Container images should be reusable across environments. A production database hostname, a feature flag, or an API credential should not require rebuilding the…
Read articleCNCF KCNA: Service Mesh for Cloud Native
A service mesh adds a dedicated infrastructure layer for service-to-service communication. Instead of asking every application team to implement mutual TLS, retries, traffic…
Read articleCNCF KCNA: Kubernetes Control Plane Components
Kubernetes manages clusters through a control plane that stores desired state, exposes the API, schedules workloads, and runs controllers that continually move the…
Read articleCNCF KCNA: GitOps Concepts for Kubernetes Teams
GitOps is an operating model for managing declarative systems through version-controlled desired state and automated reconciliation. For Kubernetes teams, that usually means application…
Read articleCNCF KCNA: Containers, Images, and Registries
Containers are a foundational cloud native packaging and runtime model. They let teams bundle an application with the libraries and runtime dependencies it…
Read articleCNCF KCNA: Cloud Native Observability Fundamentals
Cloud native systems are distributed, dynamic, and heavily automated. Containers move between nodes, replicas scale up and down, services communicate across networks, and…
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